linux下编译opencv库所用的命令（main.cpp为源文件，main为生成文件）

gcc main.cpp -o main -ggdb `pkg-config opencv --cflags --libs` -lm  -lstdc++ 

linux下编译opencv与串口通信库所用的命令（det.cpp为源文件，det为生成文件）

gcc -ggdb `pkg-config opencv --cflags --libs` det.cpp rs232.cpp -o det -lm  -lstdc++

linux安装opencv所需安装的库

sudo apt-get install opencv-doc libcv4 libhighgui4 libcvaux4 libcv-dev libcvaux-dev libhighgui-dev libgtk2.0-dev

sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg62-dev libtiff4-dev cmake libswscale-dev libjasper-dev

sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev

test code

#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(){
Mat img;
img=imread("src.bmp");
imshow("show",img);
//imwrite("imgthres.jpg",img);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}